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Rare coin’s damage reveals minting process

phys.org · 24 September 2026
Rare coin’s damage reveals minting process
Photo: phys.org

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In Greater Manchester, England, A. Ikraam of IA STUDIO studied a deformed 1834 British silver sixpence to understand how it gained its unusual shape.

The coin, originally marked at £8 in a flea market album, presented damage that wasn’t easily explained by normal wear and tear. Ikraam used scanning electron microscopy, chemical analysis, and three-dimensional measurements to examine the coin’s surface and composition.

These tests revealed that the coin’s central areas were severely disrupted, with troughs and raised sections, while the edges remained relatively intact. Chemical analysis showed lower silver levels and increased copper in the damaged areas, but these changes weren’t enough to explain the extent of the deformation. The measurements showed a variation of 0.75 millimeters in height across the damaged portrait on the coin.

Ikraam concluded the damage most likely occurred during the minting process itself, caused by repeated high-pressure loading. Coins with similar severe defects would typically have been remelted, making this example a rare piece of evidence from early mechanized manufacturing. The researcher used computational tools to guide the investigation, but emphasized that laboratory measurements were the primary source of evidence and determined the study’s conclusion.

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