Pounamu’s strength confirmed by Māori carvers’ skill
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Scientists at the University of Otago in New Zealand collaborated with Māori carvers to understand why pounamu, a type of nephrite jade, is remarkably strong.
Researchers tested 16 pounamu samples and discovered the stone’s toughness comes from its fibrous microscopic structure. These fibres function like reinforcing rods in concrete, making it harder for fractures to spread.
The study revealed that experienced Māori carvers could accurately identify high-quality pounamu, stones with the greatest fracture toughness, through touch and visual inspection, aligning almost perfectly with the scientists’ resistance measurements. Earth Sciences New Zealand notes that pounamu’s strength made it valuable to Māori carvers, transforming their tool use and becoming a significant trade item when they first encountered the stone. Researchers believe understanding pounamu’s structure could inspire the design of new materials.
They also suggest that analysing the minerals within pounamu could help trace stones back to their origin and combat illegal trading.
