New cat species discovered in Bolivia’s Yungas region
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In Bolivia, biologist Paola Nogales-Ascarrunz and a team of scientists identified a new cat species, Leopardus tilcayo, after studying a feline rescued in the Yungas region of La Paz.
The cat initially appeared to be a Leopardus tigrinus but genetic analysis revealed it had diverged from other tiger cats 1.4 million years ago, qualifying it as a distinct species.
Nogales-Ascarrunz’s research, begun in 2019, involved analyzing the genomes of 38 felines from across South America, collaborating with an international team led by Eduardo Eizirik of Brazil. The newly discovered cat inhabits the Yungas forests, a fragile mountain ecosystem facing threats from deforestation, fires started to clear land for agriculture, and increasing gold mining activity. These activities disrupt the forest’s connectivity and pollute river systems, impacting local wildlife including pumas and now, the Leopardus tilcayo.
Nogales-Ascarrunz emphasizes the importance of protecting this species, hoping its discovery will inspire conservation efforts. The research team published their findings in Current Biology, undergoing a rigorous peer-review process including assessment by leading felid taxonomist Andrew Kitchener of the IUCN. Nogales-Ascarrunz plans to continue studying the Leopardus tilcayo, mapping its distribution, assessing its genetic diversity, and working with local communities and the Bolivian government to ensure its long-term survival.
She hopes increased attention will lead to stronger protective laws and support for park rangers safeguarding the cat’s habitat.
