Habitat gaps threaten recovery of Przewalski's antelope in China

A research team from the Northwest Institute of Biological Resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted a five-year study to assess the habitat of Przewalski's antelope in the Qinghai Lake basin and Ganhong Basin.

The team used species distribution models and explainable analysis to map where the animals live and what environmental factors affect their survival. They published their findings in the Journal of Environmental Management.

The study reveals that while the population of Przewalski's antelope has grown to over 3,700 individuals, many of their vital habitats remain unprotected. Researchers found that 71.83 percent of suitable habitats and over 52 percent of the areas where the antelope actually roam fall outside existing protected zones. The Ganhong Basin, which contains over 60 percent suitable habitat, currently lacks significant protection. Several factors contribute to the shrinking and fragmentation of these habitats.

Human activities such as overgrazing, livestock fences, and infrastructure like railways and highways divide the grasslands. Additionally, rising water levels in Qinghai Lake are submerging lakeside lands. The researchers also noted that stray dogs have become a new threat to young antelope. Cai Zhenyuan and her team proposed a strategy that balances conservation with local livestock farming.

Because fences are necessary for pastoral production, the team suggests modifying specific sections by lowering heights, using wire fences, or creating dedicated wildlife passages. They also recommend building ecological corridors to help different populations interact and maintaining the genetic diversity of the species.