Ghana study shows simplified texts improve teen sexual health knowledge
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Researchers in the Effutu Municipality of Ghana found that adolescents who read simplified, picture-enhanced sexual and reproductive health materials significantly improved their understanding of key health concepts compared to those using standard textbooks.
Jacqueline Nkrumah led a study examining functional SRH literacy, a person’s ability to process health information and make informed decisions, among students aged 11 to 15.
The study took place across 13 schools and communities, dividing them into groups receiving either standard texts, simplified texts, or simplified texts with pictures, alongside a control group continuing routine activities. The researchers discovered that existing health materials often fail to match the reading levels of Ghanaian adolescents, with most 10 to 14 year olds reading below their grade level. This gap contributes to misinformation, limited access to health services, and poorer reproductive health.
The trial enrolled 317 students, and measured comprehension using a test designed to assess their ability to apply SRH information, including calculations related to menstrual cycles. Results showed that adolescents reading the simplified text gained 12.29 points on the functional SRH literacy test, while those with picture-enhanced materials gained 10.26 points, both significantly higher than the control group.
Though the study faced some challenges, including school withdrawals due to content concerns and a 21 percent attrition rate, a follow-up showed literacy gains were sustained over eight weeks. The researchers suggest that improving basic literacy skills is also crucial to maximize the benefits of these adapted materials.
